Dalil Chain Explorer

The four sources (usul al-fiqh)

Classical jurists derive rulings from four agreed sources, in order: the Qur'an; the Sunnah of the Prophet ﷺ, which explains and applies it; Ijma', the consensus of the ummah's scholars; and Qiyas, extending a ruling to a new case that shares the same effective cause ('illah). This ordering was first systematised in al-Risalah of al-Shafi'i, the founding work of usul al-fiqh. Each card below shows a textbook ruling with its evidence chain — tap to expand.

These are simplified, textbook chains for study — for lived questions, ask a qualified scholar. Continue learning: